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Authority record

Trevelyan, Sir George Lowthian, 1906-1996, educator and spiritualist, 4th Baronet

  • Person
  • 1906-1996

George Lowthian Trevelyan was educated at Sidcot School and Trinity College Cambridge, reading history. He worked as an estate manager and wood craftsman but the majority of his life was spent working in education. He was involved with alternative teaching methods, including the Alexander Technique and Steiner education, and was instrumental in the development of Attingham Park adult education college. In 1940 he married Editha Helen Smith [Helen], and the pair had one adopted daughter. During World War II, George undertook military service on the home front. In later life he became increasingly involved with the Spiritualist movement, and published a number of books.

Trevelyan, Sir Walter Calverley, 1797-1879, 6th Baronet

  • Person
  • 1797-1879

Sir Walter Calverley Trevelyan was born in Newcastle upon Tyne to Sir John Trevelyan 5th Baronet and Maria Trevelyan nee Spencer Wilson. He was educated at Harrow and University College Oxford. After University Trevelyan pursued interests in geology and natural history, and became a supporter of phrenology and temperance.

In 1833 he married Pauline Jermyn, daughter of the Reverend Doctor George Bitton Jermyn, Vicar of Swaffham Priory, and Catherine Rowland. Pauline shared Trevelyan's interests in natural history, particularly botany, and the pair traveled extensively throughout Europe.

In 1846 Trevelyan succeeded to his title and the family estates of Nettlecombe and Wallington. He continued to pursue diverse interests, co-editing a volume on the Trevelyan Papers, becoming president of numerous societies including the Phonetic Society, the United Kingdom Alliance for the Suppression of the Liquor Traffic, and of the National Temperance Society. He frequently donated specimens and money to museums, libraries and learned societies.

Pauline became an important patron of the arts, maintaining a close friendship with John Ruskin until her death. Her fondness for the Pre-Raphaelite movement is reflected in refurbishments made at Wallington Hall, in particular the Great Hall. She died in 1866 during a visit to Switzerland, accompanied by Trevelyan and Ruskin.

In 1867 Trevelyan married Laura Capel, daughter of Capel Lofft, lawyer of Troston Hall.

Trevelyan died at Wallington in 1879.

Trevelyan, Sir Charles Philips, 1870-1958, 3rd Baronet, politician

  • Person
  • 1870-1958

Charles Philips Trevelyan (1870-1958) was the first son of George Otto Trevelyan and Caroline Lady Trevelyan of Wallington Hall, Northumberland. Educated at Harrow and Trinity College Cambridge, Charles' political career began with a role as Private Secretary to Lord Houghton at Dublin Castle. However he did not enjoy the work and returned to England in 1893. After his return to England, he ran an unsuccessful campaign as Liberal candidate for North Lambeth. While standing as Liberal candidate for Elland in North Yorkshire, Charles travelled through North America, the Pacific Islands, Australia and New Zealand with Beatrice and Sidney Webb. On his return to England in 1899 he won a by-election, becoming the representative of Elland. In 1908 he was also made Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education.
In 1904 Charles married Mary Katharine Trevelyan nee Bell (1881-1966) [Molly], daughter of Hugh and Florence Bell, and half-sister of the archaeologist and explorer Gertrude Bell. The pair had seven children together, six of whom survived to adulthood. The early years of their marriage were split between Cambo House on the Wallington Estate in Northumberland, and 14 Great College Street in Westminster.
When Britain declared war with Germany in 1914, Charles resigned his position in the government in protest – a move which attracted much criticism from his peers, the press and the public. Alongside others who disagreed with the conflict, Charles helped to establish the Union of Democratic Control (UDC) – a political group who publicly criticized the activities of the British government during World War I and advocated a peaceful resolution. As an active member, Charles promoted the UDC and its activities extensively, publishing articles and pamphlets, and giving talks around the country.
During his involvement with the UDC, Charles came into contact with many figures of the growing Labour Party. In 1918 Charles announced that his political sympathies were more aligned with Labour than the Liberals. Following Armistice with Germany that same year, Charles ran as a member of the Independent Labour Party for Elland. He lost his constituency of 18 years to a Conservative candidate, as part of the landslide Conservative coalition victory.
In 1921 Charles articulated his transition between parties in a short publication entitled From Liberalism to Labour. The following year he stood as Labour candidate for Newcastle Central and won. In the first Labour government of 1924, Charles was made President of the Board of Education, however his impact was limited by the short duration the government served. When Labour were re-elected to government in 1929, Charles was given the same role. However, he resigned after becoming frustrated with the government's reluctance to pass radical policy, in particular his bill to raise the school leaving age. Later that year Charles lost his seat at Newcastle to a Conservative candidate.
Following these disappointments Charles announced his retirement from politics. His parents' recent deaths had resulted in the family moving into Wallington Hall and taking on the management of the large estate. This gave Charles the opportunity to put into practice some of his socialist ideals, including the introduction of child benefit payments to tenant families and the establishment of pensions. In 1936 Charles announced he would bequeath the Wallington Estate to the National Trust. This became reality on his death in 1958.
Charles' wife Mary supported Charles' political career throughout her life, assisting with campaigning, hosting parties for political figures and in later years contributing to the running of the Wallington Estate. Early in their marriage she served as Chairman of the Northumberland Women's Liberal Foundation and she later became a Justice of the Peace. She also served on committees for the Campaign for the Protection of Rural England, the National Trust, the National Federation of Women's Institute and the Association of Country Women of the World. She was awarded the OBE in 1963.

Trevelyan, Sir George Otto, 1838-1928, 2nd Baronet, statesman, historian

  • Person
  • 1838-1928

Sir George Otto Trevelyan 20 July 1838 – 17 August 1928 was educated at Harrow and Trinity College Cambridge. He spent some years in India in the 1860s, including working as private secretary for his father Sir Charles Edward Trevelyan, and publishing books on British India.
He served as a Liberal Member of Parliament for a number of constituencies – Tynemouth and North Shields (1865-1868), Hawick Burghs (1868-1886) and Glasgow Bridgeton (1887-1897). He also held a number of political offices; Civil Lord of the Admiralty (1868-1870), Parliamentary Secretary to the Admiralty (1880-1882), Chief Secretary for Ireland (1882-1884), Chancellor for the Duchy of Lancaster (1884-1885) and twice serving as Secretary for Scotland (1886, and 1892-1895).
Trevelyan was a radical liberal, supporting expanded suffrage, Irish Home Rule and reform or abolition of the House of Lords, twice resigning his political position in protest at passing bills.
After resigning from public office 1897 he continued working as an author, and his Life and Letters of Lord Macaulay was followed a history of Charles James Fox and a three volume history of the American Revolution.
George married Caroline Philips in 1869, and they had three sons, Charles Philips Trevelyan, Robert Calverley Trevelyan and George Macaulay Trevelyan. George Otto became Baronet of Wallington in 1868, and spent time here and at Welcombe Hall, which was owned by his wife.

Tuer, Andrew White, 1838 - 1900, publisher and writer

  • Person
  • 1838 - 1900

Andrew White Tuer (1838-1900) was a publisher, writer and printer. In 1862 he went into partnership with Abraham Field to create Field and Tuer. The company began as a stationer and printer, but with a move to 50 Leadenhall Street they were able to branch out into publishing. They created their own imprint in 1879, The Leadenhall Press, which published many of Joseph Crawhall II's work. Tuer and Crawhall aslo became close personal friends.

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